More compact communities - - - - are less expensive -- with sprawl bringing 10 percent greater annual public service deficits and 8 percent higher housing costs, - - - - the researchers said.

Dense communities - - - - also ease pollution and - - - - allow for better social interaction, - - - - they said.

The researchers - - - - looked at U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data on more than 200,000 people living in 478 U.S. counties in major metropolitan - - - - areas . They assessed sprawl in - - - - each county using U.S. Census Bureau and - - - - other federal data.

"The average adult would be expected to - - - - weigh about six pounds (2.7 kg) more living in the most sprawling county in our sample as - - - - opposed to an adult of the same age living in the - - - - most compact county," Ewing said.

The study - - - - found that people in far-flung communities walk less - - - - for leisure, but this factor - - - - did not account for - - - - all the weight difference.

"It may - - - - be as a result of the lower level - - - - of physical activity they get as - - - - part of their daily lives -- driving to work, driving to school, driving to lunch, - - - - basically driving everywhere," Ewing said.

People in such communities may drive for good - - - - reasons .

Another set of studies - - - - found that U.S. pedestrians and cyclists were much more - - - - likely to be killed or injured - - - - than Dutch and German pedestrians and cyclists.

Whether - - - - compared on a per-trip basis or by distance travelled, U.S. cyclists were three times more likely to - - - - be killed than German cyclists - - - - and six times more likely to die than Dutch cyclists, the study found.

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