AFTER

1) Past Perfect Tense (had V3) içeren cümlelerden önce kullanılır.

       * After the children had watched the film,they went to bed.

   2) Past Tense (V2) içeren cümlelerden önce kullanılır.

       * After the children watched the film,they went to bed.

   3) Present Tense (do,does) içeren cümlelerden önce de kullanılabilir.

       * After he finishes the school, he will be an engineer.

NOT: Zarf cümleciği başlangıç cümlesi ise “virgül” ile diğer cümleden ayrılır.Eğer ikinci cümle olarak kullanılmışsa virgül konulmaz.Bu tüm zarf cümlecikleri için geçerlidir.

Simple future tense (will)  zarf cümlesi ile kullanılmaz.

...After I will graduate from the school...(YANLIŞ)

After ile kullanılan cümlelerin zamanları:

     BEFORE

Before , past tense ve simple present tense yapısına sahip cümlelerden önce kullanılır.

        * Before he came here,we(had) decided to elave the building.

        * I will study hard before I take the oral exam.

Before ile kullanılan cümlelerin zamanları:

     WHEN...olduğu zaman

      * When she telephoned,I was cooking the fish.

      * When he arrived,we had started to get prepared.

       * When it began to rain, I took a taxi.

      * When I call her, I will invite her to us.

     WHILE / AS: ...iken;süresince

      * While I was watching the TV, I heard the news.

      * As I was reading a book, he called me.

    BY THE TIME:...oluncaya kadar,olduğunda

Bir olaydan önce başka bir olayın tamamlanması,sona ermesi.

      (By the time simple present tense,past perfect tense)

      * By the time (that) they got to airport,the plane had already taken off.

      (By the time simple present tense,future perfect tense)

* By the time she graduates from the university,she will already have                                    been here for 6 years.

WHENEVER:...her ne zaman

      * He visits me whenever he comes to İzmir.

      (Simple present tense whenever simple present tense) 

      SINCE:...-den beri,-den bu yana

      * I have made a lot of friends since I came here.

      (Present perfect tense since past tense)

     UNTIL/TILL:...-e kadar

      * They waited at the bus stop until they got on the bus.

      (past tense until/till past tense)

* They will stay in this valley till the Habitat II negotiations come to a conclusion.

      (simple future tense until/till simple present tense)

     AS SOON AS/ONCE:...olur olmaz

Bir olay meydana geldiğinde hemen arkasından başka biri meydana gelir,ifade tezlik bildirir.   

      * As soon as I get the driving licence,I will buy a car.

     (As soon as/once simple present tense,simple future tense)

    AS LONG AS/SO LONG AS:...süresince

      * So long as you make a noise,I will never allow you to go out.

     (So long as/As long as simple present tense,simple future tense)

      * I will always remember you as long as I live.

    NO SOONER...THAN:...den hemen sonra;...ile birlikte

      * He had no sooner drunk the wine than began to throw up. 

      * I had no sooner entered the room than she began to shout at me.

     (No sooner past perfect tense than past tense)

    HARDLY...WHEN:...daha henüz...olmuştu ki

      * The plain had hardly taken off when we arrived at the airport.

* Hardly had the first session started when someone knocked at the door.

(hardly past perfect tense when past tense)

NOT: hardly..when, barely..when, scarcely..when:Bu üç kalıp aynı anlamda ve aynı zaman kalıplarıyla kullanılabilir.

IMMEDIATELY:...olur olmaz

     * Immediately he enters the classroom,he greets his students.

    (immediately simple present tense,simple present tense) 

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